STRIKING A BALANCE: AI, NATIONAL SECURITY, AND PRIVACY RIGHTS IN NIGERIA
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Data Privacy, National Security, Nigeria, Oversight MechanismsAbstract
Nigeria, like many other nations, is increasingly utilising artificial intelligence (AI) for national security purposes. While AI presents opportunities such as enhanced threat detection and cybercrime prevention, its use also raises concerns about individual privacy and potential misuse. This paper investigates the challenges Nigeria faces in balancing national security with privacy rights in deploying AI technologies. The research employs a doctrinal approach, analysing legal frameworks, government policies, and relevant academic literature, complemented by insights from structured interviews from reputable newspapers and credible publications featuring industry experts in national security and technology. It highlights the benefits and risks of AI in national security while offering recommendations for a national AI strategy tailored to Nigeria’s unique context. The proposed strategy emphasizes clear legal frameworks, robust oversight mechanisms, ethical guidelines for data use, and public education on AI and privacy rights. These measures aim to enable Nigeria to leverage AI for national security while safeguarding the rights of its citizens.
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STATUTES
Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, etc.) Act, 2015
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights)
Human Rights Act 1998 (United Kingdom)
Nigeria Data Protection Act 2023 (Nigeria)
Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 (POPI Act) (South Africa)
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (United Kingdom)
Terrorism (Prevention and Prohibition) Act 2022 Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette No.91 Vol. 109 (16 May 2022) UK Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (IPA 2016) (United Kingdom)
